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Research & Commentary

Scholarly analysis and critical commentary examining how artificial intelligence is reshaping education, knowledge creation, and social equity. Our work engages with contemporary research to offer evidence-based perspectives and actionable frameworks for educators, policymakers, and communities navigating AI's societal implications.

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AI Is Not the Root: A Reflection from Nature-Based Education
PERSPECTIVES

AI Is Not the Root: A Reflection from Nature-Based Education

A nature-based educator reflects on the tension between AI integration in education and the structural inequities it claims to solve, arguing for the enduring value of relational, place-based learning.

Mar 31, 2026

By Alicia M. Highland
Lecturer Development Requirements to Teach AI Literacy: Lessons from a European Student Survey
INSIGHTS

Lecturer Development Requirements to Teach AI Literacy: Lessons from a European Student Survey

Mar 27, 2026

By Tamara N. Lewis Arredondo
Critical Thinking for Equity on Both Ends of the AI Model
INSIGHTS

Critical Thinking for Equity on Both Ends of the AI Model

Mar 25, 2026

By Domi Smithson
From Yes-Man to Wait-Man: What Changed When I Stopped Letting AI Talk Over My Thinking
INSIGHTS

From Yes-Man to Wait-Man: What Changed When I Stopped Letting AI Talk Over My Thinking

Mar 28, 2026

By Alex Luciano

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62 Articles

Infrastructure as Curriculum: What Students Learn When AI Works Offline
WORKING PAPER On device ai

Infrastructure as Curriculum: What Students Learn When AI Works Offline

A short paper arguing that when AI runs offline on local devices in classrooms, the infrastructural constraints themselves become pedagogically meaningful.

May 13, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Cultures That Calibrate AI
PERSPECTIVES Cultural intelligence

The Cultures That Calibrate AI

The responses AI systems produce as correct, appropriate, and helpful are not discovered — they are decided. This essay asks who does the deciding, and what gets erased in the process.

May 9, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
Hyderabad Earth Day Photo Story, Day Three: Young Minds Present Cooler City Futures
Photo Story Earth month

Hyderabad Earth Day Photo Story, Day Three: Young Minds Present Cooler City Futures

The concluding photo story from Earth Month 2026 in Hyderabad, where learners presented their Cool Your City Challenge models, welcomed environmental advocates, and received awards for climate and biodiversity design.

Apr 25, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli, Poulomi Chakravarty
Hyderabad Earth Day Photo Story, Day Two: Pollinators, Heat Maps, and Cooling the City
Photo Story Earth month

Hyderabad Earth Day Photo Story, Day Two: Pollinators, Heat Maps, and Cooling the City

A follow-up photo story from day two of Earth Month 2026 in Hyderabad, where children explored pollinators, real-time climate maps, and city-cooling design through collaborative art.

Apr 23, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli, Poulomi Chakravarty
Hyderabad Earth Day Photo Story: Learning From the Ground Below
Photo Story Earth month

Hyderabad Earth Day Photo Story: Learning From the Ground Below

A photo story from the opening day of Earth Month 2026 in Hyderabad, where children explored soil as a living system through observation, worksheets, magnifiers, and shared discussion.

Apr 23, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli, Poulomi Chakravarty
Beyond AI Literacy: Teaching Intelligence Management
WORKING PAPER Intelligence management

Beyond AI Literacy: Teaching Intelligence Management

A working paper arguing that education must move from AI tool use toward human authority, judgment, and accountability over AI systems.

Apr 21, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
AI and Library Publishing: A Reflection
PERSPECTIVES Library publishing

AI and Library Publishing: A Reflection

A Scholarly Communications Librarian reflects on how AI is reshaping library publishing programs—from ethical disclosure frameworks to the philosophical tensions between openness and author rights in an era of machine learning.

Apr 12, 2026

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By Melissa Chim
Toward an Intelligence Management Curriculum
OPINION Pedagogy

Toward an Intelligence Management Curriculum

After reading Anthropic's Project Glasswing announcement, an AI in education researcher argues that the field is facing a genuine emergency: a frontier AI model now surpasses expert humans across software engineering, PhD-level science, and adversarial security — and we are still teaching as though none of this has happened. The case for an intelligence management curriculum.

Apr 8, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
We Are Living in the Effects of a Cause We Never Authorized
PERSPECTIVES Causality

We Are Living in the Effects of a Cause We Never Authorized

Borrowing the causal invariance principle from physics, this essay argues that AI is producing a structural violation of causal order in society, displacing workers and restructuring cognition before any deliberate social cause has authorized these effects.

Apr 4, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
A Closing Note on Open Education Week 2026 at Society & AI
EDITORIAL Open education week

A Closing Note on Open Education Week 2026 at Society & AI

Six guest contributors joined Society & AI for Open Education Week 2026 — from classroom practitioners to policy researchers, across three countries and five disciplines. This is a brief reflection on what they brought, and what it means to practice openness in a moment when AI is reshaping how knowledge is made.

Apr 2, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
AI Is Not the Root: A Reflection from Nature-Based Education
PERSPECTIVES Nature based education

AI Is Not the Root: A Reflection from Nature-Based Education

A nature-based educator reflects on the tension between AI integration in education and the structural inequities it claims to solve, arguing for the enduring value of relational, place-based learning.

Mar 31, 2026

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By Alicia M. Highland
Beyond the Open-Weights: Open Education, the Global Compute Divide, and the Future of AI Literacy
PERSPECTIVES Compute divide

Beyond the Open-Weights: Open Education, the Global Compute Divide, and the Future of AI Literacy

Open AI is not truly open if schools, researchers, and communities lack the compute to run it. The next frontier for Open Education is equitable access to infrastructure, not just content.

Mar 31, 2026

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By Will Lee
From Yes-Man to Wait-Man: What Changed When I Stopped Letting AI Talk Over My Thinking
INSIGHTS Ai education

From Yes-Man to Wait-Man: What Changed When I Stopped Letting AI Talk Over My Thinking

A bilingual educator examines how alignment with AI emerges not from better prompting but from deliberate boundary-setting and sustained correction over time—building on the practitioner lens first developed in Holding the Line.

Mar 28, 2026

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By Alex Luciano
Lecturer Development Requirements to Teach AI Literacy: Lessons from a European Student Survey
INSIGHTS Ai literacy

Lecturer Development Requirements to Teach AI Literacy: Lessons from a European Student Survey

An instructional designer and researcher with the METACOG Erasmus+ project draws on survey data from 360 students across four countries to identify what lecturers must learn before they can meaningfully teach AI literacy.

Mar 27, 2026

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By Tamara N. Lewis Arredondo
Critical Thinking for Equity on Both Ends of the AI Model
INSIGHTS Research integrity

Critical Thinking for Equity on Both Ends of the AI Model

A Research Support Librarian and Open Research Champion at Sheffield Hallam University examines what transparency, equity, and responsible practice really require when black-box AI systems become routine in academic research.

Mar 25, 2026

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By Domi Smithson
The Case for Coherent, Whole-Program AI Literacy Integration
INSIGHTS Ai literacy

The Case for Coherent, Whole-Program AI Literacy Integration

Higher education's AI response requires systems thinking, not a triage or 'you do you' mindset — which places students last. A report from the ACORN initiative at San Diego State University.

Mar 6, 2026

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By Elisa Sobo, Norah Shultz
Who Is Adapting Whom?
PERSPECTIVES Adaptation

Who Is Adapting Whom?

We speak of adapting to AI as though it is a natural force we must accommodate. But AI is built from human traces—and the question of who is shaping whom is far more complicated than we have allowed ourselves to ask.

Feb 22, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
To Boldly Go Where Our Purpose-Built AI Had Not Gone Before
RESEARCH Ai education

To Boldly Go Where Our Purpose-Built AI Had Not Gone Before

Teacher educators document how a purpose-built math bot evolved into a broader instructional co-designer through exploratory prompting.

Feb 13, 2026

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By Robert W. Maloy, Sharon A. Edwards, Sai Gattupalli
The Case for Philosophical Intelligence
PERSPECTIVES Philosophical intelligence

The Case for Philosophical Intelligence

What happens when we stop asking machines to answer and start asking them to wonder? A case for philosophical intelligence as the next frontier beyond reasoning and world models.

Feb 7, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Human-in-the-Loop Economy
PERSPECTIVES Human in the loop

The Human-in-the-Loop Economy

Why cultural context, embodied wisdom, and the capacity to sense what machines cannot may define the most valuable form of intelligence in the age of automation

Jan 31, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
Is AI Disciplining Society?
PERSPECTIVES Algorithmic discipline

Is AI Disciplining Society?

Examining how algorithmic systems discipline society—training populations to conform, punishing deviation, and reshaping behavior without consent.

Jan 24, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Vanishing Ladder: Education in a Post-Labor Society
COMMENTARY Wef 2026

The Vanishing Ladder: Education in a Post-Labor Society

A commentary on the World Economic Forum 2026 debate between Google DeepMind's Demis Hassabis and Anthropic's Dario Amodei, examining urgent implications for workforce development and education

Jan 21, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
Holding the Line: Teaching Alongside AI Without Losing Voice
INSIGHTS Ai education

Holding the Line: Teaching Alongside AI Without Losing Voice

A bilingual educator reflects on maintaining professional judgment, voice, and human accountability while working alongside AI systems in high-need public school contexts

Jan 15, 2026

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By Alex Luciano
The Invisible Cost of Every Chat
PERSPECTIVES Ai environment

The Invisible Cost of Every Chat

AI companies warn us about accuracy—but remain silent on the environmental footprint of every query

Jan 10, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli and Poulomi Chakravarty
Cloud Capital and the Extraction of Mind
PERSPECTIVES Cloud capital

Cloud Capital and the Extraction of Mind

How AI systems extract cognitive labor while accumulating capital for the few, and what this means for education and society

Jan 2, 2026

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Learning Society Thesis: Why Education Is Humanity's Only Scalable Adaptation Technology
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS Society centered ai

The Learning Society Thesis: Why Education Is Humanity's Only Scalable Adaptation Technology

A foundational framework arguing that education, not tools, not resources, not institutions, is the mechanism through which human societies adapt to existential change. AI represents either the greatest amplifier or the greatest threat to that mechanism ever created.

Dec 20, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Is Education at a Punctuated Equilibrium?
WORKING PAPER Education

Is Education at a Punctuated Equilibrium?

When AI becomes the new blackboard: exploring the transformation of learning in an age of artificial intelligence

Dec 12, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
When AI Gives Instant Answers, What Are We Really Learning?
COMMENTARY Generative ai

When AI Gives Instant Answers, What Are We Really Learning?

A commentary on how generative AI in education challenges us to rethink what skills matter when knowledge is always at our fingertips.

Dec 6, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Brain Drain 2.0: The Invisible Extraction
COMMENTARY Undp

Brain Drain 2.0: The Invisible Extraction

Why the next great divergence won't be about who leaves, but what is taken.

Dec 2, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
AI, Education & Society: November 2025 in Review
CURRENTS Ai in education

AI, Education & Society: November 2025 in Review

A comprehensive worldwide review of significant developments in society-centered AI and AI in education during November 2025

Dec 1, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Is the AI-Generation AI-Damaged?
PERSPECTIVES Ai education

Is the AI-Generation AI-Damaged?

A reflective inquiry into cognitive atrophy, educational purpose, and what it means to learn when generative systems can imitate thinking faster than human minds can produce it

Nov 23, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli and Joan Giovannini
What Is Universal Basic AI?
WORKING PAPER Universal basic ai

What Is Universal Basic AI?

Why everyone deserves an AI companion aligned to their flourishing

Nov 22, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Adopting and Adapting in AI Societies
INSIGHTS Ai literacy

Adopting and Adapting in AI Societies

Why education is the essential vehicle for navigating the age of artificial intelligence.

Nov 19, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Building Confidence & Growth Mindset for Young Learners
YOUNG MINDS Growth mindset

Building Confidence & Growth Mindset for Young Learners

A joyful song-based resource to teach young learners about confidence, perseverance, and growth mindset—aligned with Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) standards worldwide.

Nov 16, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
COMMENTARY Personality psychology

Personality-Aware AI as a Design Imperative for Human-Centered Societies

A commentary on personality-informed AI design frameworks, examining the shift from universal usability to pluralistic AI ecosystems that adapt to psychological diversity

Nov 16, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Fundamental Concepts Vibe pedagogy

What is Vibe Pedagogy?

How AI enables educators to create personalized, culturally responsive learning experiences through natural conversation

Nov 16, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Promptgramming: A New Literacy for AI Societies
INSIGHTS Ai literacy

Promptgramming: A New Literacy for AI Societies

A companion piece to our 2024 technical report introducing promptgramming—the fusion of programming and prompting—as an essential literacy for navigating AI-mediated societies

Nov 10, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Explained for Kids
YOUNG MINDS Ai literacy

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Explained for Kids

A joyful, song-based introduction to AI designed for young learners, educators, and families—crafted with Educator-in-the-Loop principles and Flesch-Kincaid readability standards.

Nov 6, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Rise of Algorithmic Societies: When Machines Govern Learning
PERSPECTIVES Algorithmic governance

The Rise of Algorithmic Societies: When Machines Govern Learning

How automated decision-making is reshaping education and what it means for human agency

Nov 5, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
SHIELD-ing Education: When AI Works Without the Internet
RESEARCH Offline ai

SHIELD-ing Education: When AI Works Without the Internet

On-device AI tutoring in rural India shows that equitable computing education does not require connectivity.

Oct 29, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Preserving Wonder: The Role of Curiosity in AI-Mediated Learning Environments
PERSPECTIVES Human flourishing

Preserving Wonder: The Role of Curiosity in AI-Mediated Learning Environments

Why efficiency-driven AI systems risk extinguishing the curiosity and wonder that fuel deep learning—and how we can design technology that preserves rather than suppresses intrinsic motivation

Oct 20, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Systems & Complexity
FOCUS AREA Systems thinking

Systems & Complexity

Mapping education as a complex adaptive system to identify AI leverage points

Oct 13, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Education as the Master Lever
Blog Education

Education as the Master Lever

Why improving SDG 4 accelerates progress on all SDGs

Oct 11, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
What Is Society?
FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS Society

What Is Society?

A pragmatic definition of how people, institutions, and shared meaning organize collective life

Oct 10, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
What Is Society-Centered AI?
Focus Area Society centered ai

What Is Society-Centered AI?

Society-centered AI extends human-centered design into collective, civic, and institutional contexts—positioning affected communities as co-designers, co-owners, and co-stewards of artificial intelligence systems. This foundational article articulates the principles, processes, and practices that distinguish society-centered approaches from conventional AI development, arguing that legitimacy, not merely usability, must become the central criterion for AI systems that shape public life.

Oct 9, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Skills for a Regenerative Economy
Blog Regenerative economy

Skills for a Regenerative Economy

Literacy, numeracy, climate and data competencies

Oct 8, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Flourishing Index
Blog Flourishing

The Flourishing Index

A holistic metric suite for well-being in AI-integrated societies

Oct 8, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Measuring Learning that Matters
Perspective Article Assessment

Measuring Learning that Matters

Success metrics beyond standardized tests

Oct 7, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
On World Teachers' Day: Why Society & AI Begins with You
FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS Society centered ai

On World Teachers' Day: Why Society & AI Begins with You

A letter to the world's educators on the launch of the Society & AI.

Oct 5, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Education as a Complex System
FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS Complex systems

Education as a Complex System

Mapping actors, feedbacks, and leverage points for change

Oct 4, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Educational Equity as Leverage
FOCUS AREA Educational equity

Educational Equity as Leverage

Why quality education is humanity's meta-solution for addressing global challenges

Oct 3, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Public-Interest AI
Blog Public interest ai

Public-Interest AI

Principles, playbooks, and procurement for the common good

Oct 3, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
What Is Collaborative Intelligence?
FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS Collaborative intelligence

What Is Collaborative Intelligence?

Redefining knowledge as co-authored by humans and machines

Oct 3, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
AI for Foundational Learning
PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE Ai

AI for Foundational Learning

Early-grade reading and math with equity-centered design

Oct 2, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Cultural Evolution in AI Societies
Blog Cultural evolution

Cultural Evolution in AI Societies

How norms shift through tools, media, and networks

Oct 1, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Human Flourishing in AI Societies
FOCUS AREA Human flourishing

Human Flourishing in AI Societies

Preserving agency, meaning, and dignity as cognitive labor becomes automated

Sep 29, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
AI and Education Beyond 2030: Mapping the Grand Challenges
COMMENTARY Ai education

AI and Education Beyond 2030: Mapping the Grand Challenges

Reflections on a collaborative research agenda defining four grand challenges for AI in education

Sep 27, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Knowledge & Intelligence
FOCUS AREA Knowledge creation

Knowledge & Intelligence

How AI transforms knowledge creation, validation, and collaborative intelligence

Sep 26, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
The Next Horizon of AI in Education Research: A Perspective
INSIGHTS Ai ethics

The Next Horizon of AI in Education Research: A Perspective

Exploring the paradigm shift in education research through AI

Sep 23, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Social Cohesion & Trust
INQUIRY Social cohesion

Social Cohesion & Trust

Guardrails for misinformation, attention, and civic participation

Sep 19, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Artificial Intelligence: Toward Ethical Frameworks for Digital Sovereignty
COMMENTARY Indigenous knowledge

Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Artificial Intelligence: Toward Ethical Frameworks for Digital Sovereignty

Reframing AI ethics through Indigenous epistemologies, consent protocols, and data governance rooted in sovereignty and relational accountability.

Sep 14, 2025

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By Sai Gattupalli
Global AI Observatory
ARTICLE

Global AI Observatory

An interactive world map tracking official government AI in education initiatives — national strategies, teacher guidance, and curriculum frameworks — across 53 nations.

Jan 1, 0001

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By Sai Gattupalli